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Erythematous Plaques Involving Calves—Diagnosis

Arch Dermatol. 2009;145(9):1053-1058. doi:10.1001/archdermatol.2009.183-b.

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Rongioletti FRabora A Mucinoses. In: Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JP, Rapini RP, eds. Dermatology. London, England: Mosby Elsevier; 2008:616-617

Fatourechi V Pretibial myxedema: pathophysiology and treatment options. Am J Clin Dermatol 2005;6 (5) 295- 309
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Weedon D Pathology. Edinburgh, Scotland: Elsevier Science Ltd; 2002:407-408

Chang TCWu SHsiao Y et al. TSH and TSH receptor antibody-binding sites in fibroblasts of pretibial myxedema are related to the extracellular domain of entire TSH receptor. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1994;71 (1) 113- 120
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Noppakun NBancheun KChandraprasert S Unusual locations of localized myxedema in Graves' disease: report of three cases. Arch Dermatol 1986;122 (1) 85- 88
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Fatourechi VPajouhi MFransway A Dermopathy of Graves disease (pretibial myxedema): review of 150 cases. Medicine (Baltimore) 1994;73 (1) 1- 7
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Pineda AMTianco EATan JBCasintahan FABeloso MB Oral pentoxifylline and topical clobetasol propionate ointment in the treatment of pretibial myxoedema, with concomitant improvement of Graves' opthalmopathy. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2007;21 (10) 1441- 1443
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Ohtsuka YYamamoto KGoto Y et al. Localized myxedema, associated with increased serum hyaluronic acid, and response to steroid pulse therapy. Intern Med 1995;34 (5) 424- 429
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Felton JDerrick EKPrice ML Successful combined surgical and octreotide treatment of severe pretibial myxoedema reviewed after 9 years. Br J Dermatol 2003;148 (4) 825- 826
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Erythematous Plaques Involving Calves—Diagnosis. Arch Dermatol. 2009;145(9):1053-1058. doi:10.1001/archdermatol.2009.183-b.

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