THE FIRST description of tinea imbricata, or tokelau, dates from the year 1686 when William Dampier,1 in a record of his voyages, referred to a scaling cutaneous disease encountered in the Philippines, Mindanao, the Marianas and Guam. It was subsequently observed in the islands of the Pacific by Entrecasteux (1780),2 Alibert (1832),3 Meerderwoort (1839),4 Fox (1844)5 and Turner (1869).6 The disease was not known in the Tokelau Islands until 1869, when it was introduced from the Gilberts.
In 1874 Tilbury Fox7 demonstrated fungi in the squames, and the observation was confirmed in 1878 by Königer.8 Manson (1879)9 differentiated tokelau from herpes circinatus. Sabouraud10 asserted that it was caused by Trichophyton. Many of the early attempts to culture the fungus failed, however, and led to the erroneous conclusion that it was a species of Aspergillus.
Tokelau was probably
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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature
Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal
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