Phototherapy is among our most powerful weapons for fighting against chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Since the middle of the past century, numerous controlled studies of broadband UV-B, narrowband UV-B, and psoralen plus UV-A have demonstrated that phototherapy is highly effective in treating cutaneous diseases, such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In 1981, the development of a new lamp that emits radiation predominantly between 340 and 400 nm was described, introducing the era of UV-A1 phototherapy.1 Three different dosage regimens of UV-A1 are distinguished: high-, medium-, and low-dose UV-A1, emitting 90 to 130, 30 to 89, and less than 30 J/cm2, respectively. In contrast to UV-B, which penetrates into the papillary dermis only, longer wavelengths in the UV-A region can reach the subcutis as well. In 1992, UV-A1 was first introduced as a highly potent treatment option for acute atopic dermatitis.2 Three years later, a letter reported that UV-A1 was capable of reducing skin sclerosis in patients with localized scleroderma (LS).3 Since then, a variety of case reports and uncontrolled open studies have been published on UV-A1 phototherapy for sclerotic skin diseases.
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UV-A1 phototherapy in superficial morphea. A, Several active lesions are present on the trunk of a patient before treatment. B, Complete clearance of all lesions after 40 cycles of UV-A1 phototherapy. Posttreatment photographs were performed 3 months after the end of phototherapy.
UV-A1 phototherapy in extragenital lichen sclerosus. A, Clinical aspects of a patient with widespread extragenital lichen sclerosus on the left mamma. B, Almost complete clearance of former lesions after 40 cycles of UV-A1 phototherapy. Posttreatment photographs were taken 6 months after the end of phototherapy.
UV-A1 irradiation units. A, UV-A1 irradiation bed (Sellamed 24000; Sellas Medizinische Geräte, Gevelsberg, Germany) for phototherapy of the whole body. B, Portable UV-A1 irradiation device (Sellasol 3000; Sellas Medizinische Geräte) for phototherapy of circumscribed portions of the skin. This device was constructed to allow patients to perform phototherapy at home.
Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature
Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal
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